Measurement of radioactivity in Arizona groundwater using improved analytical techniques for samples with high...

Radiochemical analyses of 667 samples collected over the 5-y period 1989 to 1993 indicate that approximately 2% of Arizona drinking water supplies from groundwater sources violate current regulatory standards. About 1% of the population is affected. The 1996 change in regulatory requirements will bring some Arizona water systems into compliance through 226Ra limit relaxation, while others will become noncompliant due to new limits on uranium levels. Maximum concentrations in Arizona of adjusted gross alpha, gross beta, and 226Ra activities are higher than levels found in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's national survey. Sampling results show a correlation between radionuclide concentration and localized geology. Improved radiochemical methods are described that result in greater accuracy and sensitivity for samples high in dissolved solids, as are typical in Arizona.