Potential for misclassification of infants' usual feeding practices using 24-hour dietary assessment methods

Feeding patterns of 131 low income Peruvian infants were assessed by 1574 single-day studies (12-h observations plus 12-h recall) of dietary intake and by mothers' monthly reports of usual feeding practices to determine whether feeding pattern classification depends on the assessment method used. Results suggest that single-day studies produce a different view of feeding practices than do mothers' reports of usual behavior. Exclusive breast-feeding in infants younger than 4 mo was observed 25% more often than reported. Non-human milk consumption was reported 30% more often than observed. Disagreement between reported and observed practices was related by logistic regression analyses to mother's age and education, number of children younger than 5 y in the home and infant age and illness on the observation day. Most disagreement between reported and observed behavior could have been due to daily variation in feeding practices. Consumption during the past 24 h should not be used alone as the basis for classifying infant feeding practices in survey research.