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Cannabinoids and appetite stimulation

R D Mattes1, K Engelman, L M Shaw

  • 1Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104.

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cannabinoids can stimulate appetite, but effects vary. Chronic rectal cannabinoid use significantly increased energy intake compared to acute doses, while oral and other routes showed minimal impact.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Nutrition

Background:

  • Cannabinoid-induced appetite stimulation is known but highly variable.
  • Factors influencing this variability, such as dose, route, and individual characteristics, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of various factors on cannabinoid-mediated appetite stimulation.
  • To compare the effects of different doses and routes of administration on energy intake.

Main Methods:

  • Four within-subject design studies were conducted.
  • Participants included healthy, adult light marijuana users.
  • Methods involved oral, sublingual, inhaled, and rectal suppository administration of cannabinoids across different dosing regimens and satiety states.

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Main Results:

  • Chronic rectal administration of cannabinoids significantly increased mean daily energy intake compared to acute dosing, except for inhalation.
  • Oral capsule administration did not significantly alter energy intake.
  • Energy intake was similar in both fed and fasted states, indicating satiety mechanisms were not impaired.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabinoid effects on appetite and energy intake are dependent on the route and duration of administration.
  • Chronic rectal cannabinoid use shows a greater potential for appetite stimulation than acute oral or other routes.
  • Individual factors like age, gender, and plasma drug levels were not significantly associated with observed effects on food intake.