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A distinct coagulopathy associated with interleukin-2 therapy
L Oleksowicz1, M Strack, J P Dutcher
1Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467.
British Journal of Haematology
|December 1, 1994
Summary
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) treatment in advanced cancer patients caused temporary blood clotting issues, specifically prolonged PTT and reduced clotting factors. These coagulation changes resolved within days, indicating a novel, transient coagulopathy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Hematology
- Immunotherapy
Background:
- Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an immunotherapy used for advanced malignancies.
- The impact of IL-2 on coagulation profiles is not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of IL-2 treatment on coagulation parameters in cancer patients.
- To characterize the specific changes in blood coagulation following IL-2 administration.
Main Methods:
- Coagulation profiles were assessed in 14 patients with advanced malignancies receiving IL-2.
- Prothrombin time (PTT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and levels of specific coagulation factors were measured pre- and post-treatment.
Main Results:
- A significant 43% prolongation of PTT was observed 6 hours post-IL-2 treatment (P < 0.001).
- Functional levels of coagulation factors II, IX, X, XI, and XII significantly decreased post-IL-2.
- These coagulation abnormalities normalized within 2-3 days; PT, factors V, VII, VIII, fibrinogen, and D-dimer remained unchanged.
Conclusions:
- IL-2 treatment induces a transient, specific coagulopathy in patients with advanced malignancies.
- The observed pattern of prolonged PTT and decreased intrinsic pathway factors is a novel finding.
- This coagulopathy is reversible and does not affect extrinsic pathway factors or fibrinogen levels.