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Related Experiment Videos

Relationship between [Ca2+] changes in nucleus and cytosol

B Himpens1, H De Smedt, R Casteels

  • 1Physiological Laboratory, K. U. Leuven, Gasthuisberg, Belgium.

Cell Calcium
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Cell calcium·2012

A nucleo-cytosolic calcium gradient exists in cells, varying by cell type and stimulation. This gradient is influenced by intracellular calcium stores and influx, impacting cellular functions.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Calcium ions (Ca2+) are critical intracellular messengers.
  • Understanding the spatial distribution of Ca2+ within cells is essential for deciphering cellular signaling.
  • Previous studies have focused on cytosolic Ca2+ dynamics, with less clarity on nuclear Ca2+ gradients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of a nucleo-cytosolic calcium gradient in various cell types.
  • To determine factors influencing this gradient, including cell type, differentiation, and stimulation.
  • To explore the roles of intracellular calcium stores and influx in establishing the gradient.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized confocal laser microscopy for precise measurements.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed the Ca(2+)-indicator Indo-1 to quantify free calcium concentration.
  • Estimated free calcium concentration in both the nucleus ([Ca2+]n) and cytoplasm ([Ca2+]c) of single cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a consistent nucleo-cytosolic Ca(2+)-gradient at rest and during stimulation across diverse cell types.
    • Observed variations in the gradient's direction and magnitude based on cell type, differentiation status, and phosphorylation.
    • Identified contributions from both extra- and intranuclear calcium storage sites, alongside calcium influx.

    Conclusions:

    • A nucleo-cytosolic calcium gradient is a fundamental feature of cellular calcium signaling.
    • The gradient's characteristics are dynamically regulated by cellular state and external stimuli.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and functional implications of this gradient.