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Biochemical and genomic characterization of muscovy duck parvovirus
1Centre National d'Etudes Vétérinaires et Alimentaires, U.R. Pathologie Aviaire, Ploufragan, France.
Abstract:
A duck parvovirus (DPV) isolated from muscovy ducks during the epizootic in France in 1989 was purified from inoculated allanto-amniotic fluids by CsCl density gradient centrifugation and characterized. Full and empty non-enveloped icosahedral viral particles were observed banding at densities of 1.39 to 1.42 and 1.38 respectively, with a diameter of 22 to 23 nm. Viral proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and the estimated molecular weights of the 3 major proteins were 91, 78 and 58 kDa. The nucleic acid was shown to be a single-stranded DNA of about 5,300 bases with terminal palindromic hairpins. These results confirm the previous classification of the virus in the family Parvoviridae established by Jestin et al. [14] on morphological and serological bases. The DPV DNA was reannealed indicating that complementary DNA strands were encapsidated. A partial restriction endonuclease map was also established. This work constitutes the first biochemical and genomic description of a muscovy duck parvovirus.
Insights
This study biochemically characterizes a duck parvovirus (DPV) from muscovy ducks. Findings confirm its Parvoviridae family classification and provide the first genomic details for this DPV strain.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Duck parvovirus (DPV) outbreaks have been reported in muscovy ducks.
- Previous classification of DPV was based on morphology and serology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To perform the first biochemical and genomic characterization of a muscovy duck parvovirus (DPV).
- To confirm the classification of DPV within the Parvoviridae family.
Main Methods:
- Purification of DPV from infected allanto-amniotic fluids using CsCl density gradient centrifugation.
- Analysis of viral particles' morphology, size, and density.
- Characterization of viral proteins using SDS-PAGE.
- Analysis of viral nucleic acid (DNA) including size, structure, and reannealing properties.
- Establishment of a partial restriction endonuclease map.
Main Results:
- DPV particles were observed as non-enveloped icosahedral structures (22-23 nm diameter).
- Major viral proteins were identified with molecular weights of 91, 78, and 58 kDa.
- The viral genome consists of single-stranded DNA (~5,300 bases) with terminal palindromic hairpins.
- Complementary DNA strands were found to be encapsidated.
- Results confirmed DPV's classification within the Parvoviridae family.
Conclusions:
- This study provides the first detailed biochemical and genomic description of a muscovy duck parvovirus.
- The findings support the existing classification of DPV based on morphological and serological data.
- The characterization contributes to a better understanding of DPV's molecular biology.