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Related Experiment Videos

Sugar sensing in higher plants

J C Jang1, J Sheen

  • 1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.

The Plant Cell
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plants use hexokinase (HK) to sense sugars, repressing photosynthetic genes for energy balance. This mechanism, crucial for plant energy homeostasis, involves sugar phosphorylation by HK, not just transport or metabolism.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Photosynthesis regulation
  • Energy homeostasis

Background:

  • Sugar repression of photosynthetic genes is a key mechanism for energy homeostasis in plants.
  • The precise sugar-sensing and signal transduction pathways to the nucleus remain largely unknown.
  • Understanding these pathways is vital for comprehending plant responses to environmental cues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the sugar-sensing mechanisms involved in photosynthetic gene repression.
  • To investigate the role of hexokinase (HK) in mediating sugar signals.
  • To differentiate between sugar transport, phosphorylation, and metabolism in triggering repression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a maize protoplast transient expression system to study photosynthetic fusion genes.

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  • Assessed the effects of various sugars, glucose analogs (including non-metabolizable ones), and metabolic intermediates.
  • Employed hexokinase inhibitors (mannoheptulose) to probe the enzyme's function in repression.

    • Main Results:

    • Sugars requiring hexokinase (HK) activity for uptake caused repression at low concentrations.
    • Glucose transport into the cell is necessary but insufficient; subsequent phosphorylation by HK appears essential.
    • 2-deoxyglucose triggered repression, while glycolysis intermediates did not, ruling out major metabolic pathways.

    Conclusions:

    • Hexokinase (HK) is proposed to function as a key sensor and signal transmitter in sugar repression.
    • The phosphorylation activity of HK, rather than downstream metabolic products, appears to initiate the repression signal.
    • HK may possess dual functions, acting both enzymatically and as a critical component in the sugar-sensing pathway.