[Buruli's ulcer, a pathology little known in Benin. Apropos of 227 cases]

Cutaneous Mycobacterium infection is an endemic disease in Mono, Ouémé and Zou districts in the south of Benin, where it seems rarely known. The authors are reporting the results of a clinical, bacteriological, epidemiological and therapeutical study about 227 patients. Children are the principal targets of this disease. Ulceration are often seen in a critical step (3 or 4) and acid-fast bacilli have been found from 189 of 227 patients tested by bacilloscopy (smear microscopy). Medical treatments (antituberculosis and antileprosis drugs) are still disappointing. Also when necessary, surgery is done (broad excision, skin transplant afterwards) with promising results. However, complications like deformities and flexion contractors can persist after surgical treatment. In the south Benin, Buruli's ulcers are one of the major public health problems.