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ATP synthase: activating versus catalytic proton transfer

G Groth1, W Junge

  • 1Abt. Biophysik, Universität Osnabrück, Germany.

FEBS Letters
|January 23, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Chloroplast ATP synthase (CF0CF1) activation and ATP synthesis are driven by proton flow. Specific inhibitors revealed distinct proton transfer phases crucial for energy coupling in photosynthesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Photosynthesis
  • Bioenergetics

Background:

  • Chloroplast ATP synthase (CF0CF1) utilizes a protonmotive force for ATP synthesis.
  • Understanding the distinct roles of proton transfer in enzyme activation and catalysis is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate between the proton transfer steps responsible for activating and driving ATP synthesis by chloroplast CF0CF1.
  • To elucidate the kinetics and energetic contribution of these distinct proton transfer phases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized specific inhibitors (tentoxin, venturicidin) to selectively block activating or driving proton transfer.
  • Applied voltage steps via light flashes to thylakoid membranes with a steady pH difference.
  • Monitored transient proton dynamics within CF0CF1 using spectroscopic probes.

Main Results:

  • Both activation and catalytic proton transfer require all three partial proton reactions.
  • Activating proton transfer occurred first (monophasic, ~15 ms), followed by a second phase of equal magnitude after a ~15 ms lag.
  • Both consecutive proton transfer reactions contribute free energy for ATP synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct, sequential proton transfer events govern chloroplast ATP synthase function.
  • These phases are essential for efficient energy transduction during photosynthesis.

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