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N-nitrosamines in Indian beers

M P Prasad1, K Krishnaswamy

  • 1National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Volatile N-nitrosamines, specifically N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), were detected in over 100 of 120 analyzed beer samples. The average NDMA level found was 3.6 ppb, exceeding levels in Western countries, highlighting a potential public health concern.

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Volatile N-nitrosamines are known contaminants in alcoholic beverages globally.
  • N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a specific compound of concern due to its carcinogenic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the levels of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in commercially available beer.
  • To compare NDMA levels in local beer samples with international standards.

Main Methods:

  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed for the analysis.
  • 120 beer samples from various brands and batches were collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was detected in more than 100 of the 120 beer samples analyzed.
  • The mean concentration of NDMA was found to be 3.6 ppb.
  • This average concentration is higher than reported levels in Western countries.

Conclusions:

  • The widespread presence and elevated levels of NDMA in beer samples indicate a significant exposure risk.
  • Further research and regulatory measures are necessary to minimize NDMA levels in alcoholic beverages.
  • Reducing exposure to carcinogenic N-nitrosamines in beer is crucial for public health protection.

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