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Related Experiment Videos

Materials testing protocol for small joint prostheses

K M Savory1, D T Hutchinson, R Bloebaum

  • 1University of Utah School of Medicine, Orthopaedic Bioengineering Laboratory, Salt Lake City 84132.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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This study evaluated materials for small joint prostheses. None met ideal requirements, with silicone elastomers failing under fatigue and copolymers showing poor wear resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Small joint prostheses require materials with excellent fatigue, wear, and crack propagation resistance for in vivo longevity.
  • Existing materials often fail due to a combination of mechanical stresses and biological conditions encountered within the body.
  • A standardized evaluation protocol is crucial for assessing novel biomaterials intended for orthopedic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel protocol for evaluating materials intended for small joint prostheses.
  • To quantitatively assess the fatigue, fatigue crack propagation, and wear resistance of candidate biomaterials.
  • To identify suitable materials for self-hinging joint prostheses through rigorous testing.

Main Methods:

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  • Developed a testing protocol based on reported clinical failure modes and in vivo conditions.
  • Quantitatively evaluated fatigue life, fatigue crack propagation rates, and wear resistance.
  • Tested a silicone elastomer (similar to Dow Corning Silastic HP100), a radiation-stable polypropylene, and a polypropylene-ethylene propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) copolymer.

    • Main Results:

    • The silicone elastomer exhibited superior wear properties but poor fatigue crack propagation resistance, leading to catastrophic failure.
    • The polypropylene-EPDM copolymer demonstrated excellent fatigue crack propagation resistance but inadequate wear performance.
    • The polypropylene material showed poor performance across all tested properties.

    Conclusions:

    • None of the evaluated materials fully met the desired criteria for self-hinging small joint prostheses.
    • A trade-off exists between wear resistance and fatigue crack propagation resistance in the tested materials.
    • Further material development is necessary to achieve the optimal balance of properties for small joint implant applications.