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[Thyroid cancers masked by hyperthyroidism. 12 cases]
Journal De Chirurgie
|March 1, 1976
Summary
Hyperthyroidism can coexist with thyroid cancer, though rarely. This study highlights 12 cases where hyperthyroidism masked or accompanied thyroid carcinoma, emphasizing surgical evaluation for toxic adenoma and Graves' disease.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Surgical Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disorder.
- Thyroid carcinoma is a significant malignancy.
- The association between hyperthyroidism and thyroid carcinoma is exceptionally rare.
Observation:
- This report details 12 cases of coexisting hyperthyroidism and thyroid carcinoma over 13 years.
- These cases represented 0.3% of thyroid operations and 3.6% of thyroid carcinoma cases.
- In 11 out of 12 cases, hyperthyroidism was the primary clinical presentation, with carcinoma often presenting as a small nodule or discovered incidentally.
Findings:
- Hyperthyroidism manifested as Graves' disease (3 cases), toxic nodular goiter (6 cases), or solitary toxic adenoma (2 cases).
- Hyperplastic and carcinomatous tissues were anatomically distinct, suggesting no direct physiopathological link.
- The concept of paraneoplastic hyperthyroidism was deemed debatable in most presented cases.
Implications:
- The possibility of concurrent thyroid carcinoma should be considered in hyperthyroid patients.
- Surgical intervention is recommended for toxic adenoma and Graves' disease, especially with irregular goiters or nodules.
- Prognosis is primarily determined by the carcinoma's characteristics, not the hyperthyroidism.