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The pathogenesis of quail bronchitis
S W Jack1, W M Reed, T Burnstein
1Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
Avian Diseases
|July 1, 1994
Summary
Quail bronchitis virus rapidly spreads through bobwhite quail tissues, peaking in titer and causing significant respiratory lesions by day 4-6 post-inoculation. Lesions include epithelial damage and inflammation in the trachea and bronchioles.
Area of Science:
- Avian Pathology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Quail bronchitis virus (QBV) is a significant pathogen in young bobwhite quails.
- Understanding QBV's pathogenesis is crucial for disease management in poultry.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the viral fate and lesion development of QBV in bobwhite quails.
- To characterize the temporal progression of QBV infection and host response.
Main Methods:
- Intratracheal inoculation of 1-week-old bobwhite quails with QBV.
- Sequential necropsy and tissue sampling at various time points post-inoculation (2 hours to 10 days).
- Virus isolation, titration, and histopathological examination of tissues.
Main Results:
- Virus isolation occurred as early as 2 hours PI in lungs, spreading to other organs by 8 hours PI.
- Peak virus titers (days 4-6 PI) correlated with severe histologic lesions in the respiratory tract.
- Lesions included tracheal and bronchiolar epithelial damage, deciliation, and significant leukocytic infiltration.
Conclusions:
- QBV disseminates rapidly within bobwhite quails, leading to acute respiratory disease.
- The observed histopathological changes reflect a severe inflammatory response to viral infection.
- Early viral replication and subsequent tissue damage are key features of QBV pathogenesis.