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Complicated infectious coryza outbreaks in Argentina
V E Sandoval1, H R Terzolo, P J Blackall
1Convenio INTA-LAPSA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Departamento de Producción Animal, Balcarce, Argentina.
Avian Diseases
|July 1, 1994
Summary
Infectious coryza outbreaks in poultry flocks caused significant egg production drops and mortality. Haemophilus paragallinarum was the primary cause, with regional vaccine strains potentially offering inadequate protection.
Area of Science:
- Avian Medicine
- Poultry Pathology
- Bacteriology
Background:
- Infectious coryza is a common respiratory disease in poultry.
- Outbreaks can lead to substantial economic losses in layer and broiler flocks.
- Understanding the causative agents and contributing factors is crucial for effective disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate seventeen complicated outbreaks of infectious coryza in various poultry types.
- To identify the etiological agents and their serovars.
- To assess the impact of concurrent infections and vaccination status.
Main Methods:
- Clinical examination of affected flocks (layers, broiler-breeders, broilers).
- Serological testing for Mycoplasma species (M. gallisepticum, M. synoviae).
- Bacteriological isolation and identification of Haemophilus paragallinarum, including serotyping.
Main Results:
- Significant drops in egg production (up to 35%) in layers and mortality/culling (2-5%) in broilers.
- Haemophilus paragallinarum isolated from all outbreaks; novel isolation sites reported (liver, kidney, joints, eyes).
- Serovar A (8 outbreaks) and B (6 outbreaks) were most prevalent; concurrent Mycoplasma infections were common.
Conclusions:
- Haemophilus paragallinarum is the primary cause of these infectious coryza outbreaks.
- Concurrent infections and potentially ineffective regional vaccines contributed to outbreak severity.
- Early detection and appropriate treatment strategies are vital for managing infectious coryza in poultry.