Aging and vasoreactivity: in vivo responses in the beagle hindlimb

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether vasodilator responses are attenuated and whether vasoconstriction is augmented with age in resistance vessels in the hindlimb of the dog. We examined blood flow (FAF) and pressure (FAP) responses in the femoral arterial system in older (109 +/- 8-mo-old) and younger mature (31 +/- 3-mo-old) female beagles during pentobarbital anesthesia. Vasodilator responses were evaluated during the intra-arterial administration of acetylcholine (ACh), which produces endothelium-dependent vasodilation, and albuterol, which mediates relaxation in vascular smooth muscle via beta-adrenoceptors. The vasoconstrictor response to phenylephrine (PE), an alpha-adrenergic agonist, was also examined. ACh and albuterol each induced dose-dependent vasodilation in the older and in the younger dogs. Resultant changes in neither FAF nor FAP were affected by age in response to either of these vasodilator substances. Likewise, reductions in femoral vascular resistance (FVR) in response to ACh or to albuterol were not age dependent. Vasodilation following induced hindlimb ischemia resulted in similar increases in FAF in both groups, but produced a greater reduction in FAP in older vs. younger dogs (P = 0.05). Similarly, FVR decreased more in the older beagles (P = 0.02). Vasoconstriction mediated by PE resulted in similar reductions in FAF in both age groups, but the increase in FAP was less at several PE doses in older vs. younger dogs (P < 0.05). However, increases in FVR in response to PE were not statistically different in the younger and older beagles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)