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Ondansetron against metoclopramide/dexamethasone--a comparative study

A K Lim¹, M R Haron, T M Yap

¹Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur.

The Medical Journal of Malaysia

|September 1, 1994

Summary

Ondansetron significantly improved control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting compared to metoclopramide with dexamethasone. This finding highlights ondansetron

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Pharmacology
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Chemotherapy, particularly cisplatinum regimens, frequently causes severe nausea and vomiting.
Effective anti-emetic prophylaxis is crucial for patient tolerance and treatment adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the efficacy of ondansetron with metoclopramide plus dexamethasone in preventing nausea and vomiting induced by cisplatinum-based chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

A randomized trial involving 52 patients receiving cisplatinum chemotherapy.
Group 1 (34 patients) received ondansetron; Group 2 (18 patients) received metoclopramide with dexamethasone.
Treatment response was categorized based on the number of emetic episodes and need for rescue medication.

Main Results:

Complete or major control (0-2 emetic episodes) was achieved in 68% of the ondansetron group versus 17% of the metoclopramide group on day 1 (p < 0.002).
Nausea control was also significantly better with ondansetron (p < 0.0009).
A trend favoring ondansetron was observed from days 2 to 6; both treatments were well tolerated.

Conclusions:

Ondansetron demonstrates superior efficacy over metoclopramide with dexamethasone for prophylaxis of cisplatinum-induced nausea and vomiting.
Ondansetron represents a more effective option for managing chemotherapy-induced side effects.

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