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Suicides in the Baltic countries, 1968-90

A Värnik1, D Wasserman, G Eklund

  • 1Estonian-Swedish Suicidological Institute.

Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Suicide rates in Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) declined significantly from 1986, coinciding with social changes and perestroika. Male suicide rates decreased, while female rates remained stable, narrowing the male-female suicide ratio.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Suicide rates in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) were studied from 1968-1990.
  • Rates were high during the "period of stagnation" (1968-1984) and declined sharply after 1986, aligning with social changes in the former USSR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in male and female suicide rates in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania between 1968 and 1990.
  • To investigate the impact of social changes and perestroika on suicide dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of national suicide statistics for Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.
  • Comparison of suicide rates during the "stagnation period" (1968-1984) and the perestroika era (1986-1990).

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Mean male suicide rates per 100,000 were 55.7 (Estonia), 52.5 (Latvia), and 51.7 (Lithuania) during 1968-1984.
  • From 1986-1990, male suicide rates decreased by 26.6% (Estonia), 26.6% (Latvia), and 14.4% (Lithuania).
  • Female suicide rates remained relatively stable, leading to a lower male-female suicide ratio in 1986-1990.

Conclusions:

  • The decline in suicide rates after 1986 suggests a positive impact of social changes and restrictive alcohol policies.
  • Lithuania showed a gradual increase in suicide rates during the stagnation period, unlike Estonia and Latvia.
  • The study highlights the sensitivity of suicide rates to socio-political environments.