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Parasitic control in intensive vs. non-intensive systems--ruminants
1Embrapa, Saude Animal, Seropedica RJ, Cep, O, Brazil.
Veterinary Parasitology
|August 1, 1994
Summary
Intensive sheep farming led to fatal nematode infections, unlike non-intensive grazing. Integrated control methods, including pasture removal and mixed grazing, reduced parasite loads, while albendazole treatment proved ineffective in some cases.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Animal Husbandry
- Sheep Production Systems
Background:
- Gastrointestinal nematodes and Oestrus ovis pose significant threats to sheep health and productivity.
- Grazing intensity and pasture management influence parasite acquisition and infection severity in sheep.
- Anthelmintic resistance is a growing concern in sheep farming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the acquisition and intensity of gastrointestinal nematode and Oestrus ovis infections in sheep under intensive versus non-intensive grazing systems.
- To evaluate the efficacy of various control strategies for parasitic infections in intensively managed sheep.
- To provide recommendations for integrated parasite control in different sheep production systems.
Main Methods:
- Comparative study of sheep grazing systems (intensive: 26-36 sheep/ha; non-intensive: 12 sheep/ha) over two years.
- Monitoring of gastrointestinal nematode and Oestrus ovis infections.
- Assessment of control methods including pasture removal, mixed grazing, albendazole slow-release boluses, and periodic anthelmintic treatments.
Main Results:
- Intensive grazing resulted in severe mixed nematode infections, causing lamb mortality, while non-intensive grazing led to less severe infections with some natural resistance development.
- Pasture removal, mixed grazing, and slow-release albendazole significantly reduced parasite loads in intensively managed sheep.
- Weekly albendazole treatment paradoxically increased infection levels; widespread anthelmintic resistance was noted in both systems.
- Oestrus ovis larvae overwintered in sheep, with presence for 10-12 months annually.
Conclusions:
- Grazing intensity significantly impacts nematode infection severity and outcomes in sheep.
- Integrated control strategies, tailored to grazing systems, are crucial for managing parasitic infections.
- Strategic pasture management and judicious use of control methods are essential, considering anthelmintic resistance and parasite biology.