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Two modes of mental representation and problem solution in syllogistic reasoning
1Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
Cognition
|January 1, 1995
Summary
This study challenges Johnson-Laird's syllogistic reasoning theory, proposing a new model based on observed problem-solving strategies. It identifies two distinct reasoning approaches: spatial-verbal and primarily verbal.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Human Reasoning
- Logic
Background:
- Johnson-Laird's theory of syllogistic reasoning (1983, 1986) is a prominent model.
- Previous research has explored various aspects of deductive reasoning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the adequacy of Johnson-Laird's syllogistic reasoning theory.
- To propose and detail an alternative theory of syllogistic reasoning.
- To investigate the representational strategies used in solving syllogistic problems.
Main Methods:
- Obtained protocols of individuals solving syllogistic problems.
- Analyzed participants' explanations of their reasoning processes.
- Identified distinct groups based on their representational strategies.
Main Results:
- Johnson-Laird's theory was found to be inadequate.
- Two primary groups of subjects were identified based on their reasoning methods.
- One group utilized a spatial-verbal representation, while the other used a primarily verbal representation.
Conclusions:
- The findings necessitate an alternative theory to Johnson-Laird's model.
- The identified representational strategies offer insights into human deductive reasoning.
- A detailed theory accounting for both spatial-verbal and verbal reasoning processes is presented.