Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 2, 2026

The MUB40 Peptide for Use in Detecting Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammation Events
Published on: January 7, 2019
Products of neutrophil metabolism increase ammonia-induced gastric mucosal damage
M Murakami1, K Asagoe, H Dekigai
1Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Japan.
Abstract:
Recent studies have indicated that ammonia is involved in the pathophysiology of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric mucosal damage. Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic active gastritis is characterized by an invasion of neutrophils. We investigated the interrelationship among hypochlorous acid (oxidant produced by neutrophil), ammonia (product of Helicobacter pylori urease), and monochloramine (product of ammonia and hypochlorous acid) in the development of gastric mucosal damage in rats. Gastric mucosal lesions were produced by exposure of the gastric mucosa to ammonia, urea with urease, or urea with Helicobacter pylori in rats subjected to ischemia. Pretreatment with taurine (scavenger of hypochlorous acid) or antineutrophil serum significantly attenuated gastric mucosal lesions induced by the above test agents. Ammonia-induced gastric mucosal lesions were exacerbated in the presence of hypochlorous acid with concomitant generation of monochloramine. These results suggest that the ammonia, hypochlorous acid, and monochloramine triad may be important in Helicobacter pylori-mediated gastric mucosal damage.
Related Concept Videos
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds to M3...
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology
Damaging agents such as Helicobacter pylori, gastric acid, pepsin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can weaken the mucosal defense, allowing hydrogen ions to infiltrate back and harm epithelial cells.
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology
Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

