Cost-benefit analysis of general vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b in Sweden

A cost-benefit analysis of general vaccination of infants with a conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB) vaccine was performed. Information on incidence and prognosis of HIB meningitis and acute epiglottitis in children was obtained from nation-wide retrospective studies covering the years 1981-83, when the birth rate was approximately 93,000 per year. The annual cost for hospitalization, neurologic and auditory sequelae and parents' absence from work amounted to 54 million Swedish crowns (SEK). A mean of 6 children died every year. Inclusion of value of lives lost added SEK 72 million to the cost of disease. With vaccine prices (approximately SEK 125/dose) and birth rate (approximately 120,000 per year) prevailing in 1993, vaccine costs would be SEK 45 million, provided that 3 doses are sufficient to offer protection close to 100%. Other costs for vaccination, e.g. physicians' and nurses' time, needles and syringes, are negligible, since the vaccine can be given at the same time as other infant vaccinations at already existing Child Health Centres. In conclusion, general vaccination of infants against HIB is cost-effective, saves lives and reduces human suffering.