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[The carbohydrate theory]

W Lutz

    Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
    |January 1, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Human health relies on genome-environment compatibility. Our inability to adapt to high-carbohydrate diets, unlike our hunter-gatherer ancestors, may cause Western diseases, suggesting a Paleolithic diet

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    Area of Science:

    • Evolutionary biology
    • Nutritional science
    • Human genetics

    Context:

    • Modern human health is increasingly impacted by chronic diseases often termed 'Western diseases'.
    • These conditions are linked to a mismatch between our evolutionary adapted genome and modern dietary patterns, particularly high carbohydrate intake.
    • Agricultural revolution introduced significant dietary shifts, including increased carbohydrate consumption, to which human genetics have not fully adapted.

    Purpose:

    • To explore the hypothesis that the rapid shift to carbohydrate-rich agricultural diets, compared to ancestral hunter-gatherer diets, is a primary driver of 'Western' diseases.
    • To investigate the correlation between the historical timing of agricultural adoption in different regions and the prevalence of specific diseases.
    • To examine the role of genetic polymorphisms in incomplete adaptation to carbohydrate metabolism.

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    Summary:

    • The study posits that millions of years of adaptation to a scavenger-hunter diet have left humans poorly equipped to handle the high carbohydrate intake introduced by agriculture.
    • Evidence from regions with late agricultural adoption (e.g., Scotland, Scandinavia, Ireland) shows lower rates of cancer and myocardial infarctions.
    • A return to a Paleolithic (low carbohydrate) diet has shown positive results in managing civilization-related diseases, supported by genetic evidence like gene polymorphism (e.g., ACE).

    Impact:

    • This research suggests that dietary interventions focusing on reduced carbohydrate intake, mimicking ancestral diets, could be beneficial for preventing and managing chronic 'Western' diseases.
    • Understanding the genetic basis of carbohydrate intolerance provides insights into personalized nutrition and disease risk stratification.
    • Highlights the importance of evolutionary congruence between diet and human genetics for optimal health outcomes.