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Hypothermia and severe trauma

K A Gunning1, M Sugrue, D Sloane

  • 1Department of Trauma Services, Liverpool Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery
|February 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Severe trauma patients, particularly females, are at higher risk of hypothermia (low body temperature). This condition is more prevalent in winter and associated with more severe injuries, requiring greater blood transfusion volumes.

Area of Science:

  • Trauma Care
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Hypothermia is a significant concern in trauma patients.
  • Understanding the incidence and characteristics of hypothermia in severe trauma is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and clinical features of hypothermia in patients admitted with severe injuries (Injury Severity Score > 15).
  • To identify patient demographics and injury characteristics associated with hypothermia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 108 trauma admissions (May 1992-April 1993).
  • Core temperature recorded within 24 hours of arrival.
  • Comparison of hypothermic (<35°C) versus normothermic patients.

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Main Results:

  • 17% of patients were hypothermic on arrival.
  • Hypothermic patients had more severe injuries and a higher proportion of females.
  • Hypothermia was more common in winter but not linked to delayed hospital arrival.
  • Hypothermic patients with moderate injuries (ISS < 41) received more packed red blood cells.
  • Burn patients and those requiring surgery were particularly susceptible to hypothermia.

Conclusions:

  • Hypothermia is a notable complication in severe trauma patients.
  • Female gender and winter season are associated with increased hypothermia risk.
  • Aggressive temperature management is vital, especially in surgical trauma patients.