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Diarrhea and weight loss after bone marrow transplantation in children

A Papadopoulou1, K A Nathavitharana, M D Williams

  • 1Institute of Child Health, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
|November 1, 1994
PubMed

Insights

Diarrhea and weight loss are common after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in children, even with parenteral nutrition (PN). Total body irradiation (TBI) and allografts are key factors contributing to these complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) can lead to significant complications.
  • Diarrhea and nutritional issues are frequently observed post-BMT.
  • Understanding the determinants of these complications is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors causing diarrhea after pediatric BMT.
  • To investigate the nutritional consequences of post-BMT diarrhea.
  • To assess the impact of total body irradiation (TBI) and graft type on these outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for 20 children undergoing BMT.
  • Data collection on patient demographics, treatment received (TBI, graft type), and occurrence of diarrhea.
  • Analysis of nutritional status, including parenteral nutrition (PN) requirements and weight changes.

Main Results:

  • Diarrhea occurred in 78% of TBI patients and 73% of allograft recipients versus 27% and 22% of non-TBI and autograft patients, respectively (P < 0.05).
  • Ninety percent of children with diarrhea required PN, with longer durations compared to those without diarrhea (P < 0.05).
  • Despite PN, significant weight loss and decreased serum albumin were observed in children with diarrhea (P < 0.05, P < 0.005).

Conclusions:

  • Diarrhea and weight loss are significant complications following pediatric BMT, persisting despite nutritional support.
  • Pretransplant TBI and the use of allografts are identified as major determinants of post-BMT diarrhea and associated nutritional sequelae.
  • These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to manage diarrhea and nutritional deficits in pediatric BMT patients.

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