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Related Experiment Videos

Abnormal insulinemia

K Nanjo1, M Kondo, T Sanke

  • 1First Department of Medicine, Wakayama University of Medical Science, Japan.

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Abnormal insulin Wakayama, identified in Japanese families, causes hyperinsulinemia and impaired glucose tolerance. This autosomal dominant condition may serve as a valuable model for studying non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) development.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Molecular biology advancements have identified abnormal insulin variants, including insulin Chicago, Los Angeles, and Wakayama.
  • Three Japanese pedigrees exhibiting secretion of [LeuA3] insulin (insulin Wakayama) have been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic inheritance and functional characteristics of insulin Wakayama.
  • To explore the association between insulin Wakayama and the development of diabetes mellitus.
  • To evaluate insulin Wakayama as a potential model for non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of three Japanese pedigrees with affected individuals secreting insulin Wakayama.
  • Measurement of insulin and C-peptide levels to determine molar ratios.

Related Experiment Videos

  • In vitro studies of semisynthetic [LeuA3] insulin for receptor binding and biological activity.
  • Clinical assessment of diabetes mellitus development and glucose tolerance in affected family members.

    • Main Results:

    • Insulin Wakayama secretion followed an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.
    • Affected individuals exhibited hyperinsulinemia with an elevated insulin to C-peptide molar ratio.
    • Semisynthetic [LeuA3] insulin showed reduced in vitro receptor binding and biological activity compared to standard human insulin.
    • Diabetes mellitus development varied among families and was influenced by aging.
    • Patients with impaired glucose tolerance displayed reduced insulin secretory reserve.

    Conclusions:

    • Insulin Wakayama is an abnormal insulin variant associated with autosomal dominant hyperinsulinemia and impaired glucose tolerance.
    • The reduced biological activity of insulin Wakayama contributes to its pathogenic effects.
    • The clinical presentation and pathophysiology of insulin Wakayama-related diabetes share similarities with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
    • Insulin Wakayama represents a significant human model for NIDDM research.