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Eighth nerve involvement in meningo-encephalitis

C K Talukdar1, S Talukdar, S N Patgiri

  • 1Pragati Nursing Home, Nalbari.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection caused meningo-encephalitis in tribal populations. Pork consumption was linked to JEV infection, with cranial nerve involvement common.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Meningo-encephalitis poses a significant health challenge, particularly in specific demographic groups.
  • Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major cause of viral encephalitis in Asia.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and clinical presentation of JEV in vulnerable populations is crucial for effective public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical, biochemical, microbiological, and virological aspects of meningo-encephalitis in a tribal population.
  • To identify potential risk factors and etiological agents, specifically focusing on Japanese encephalitis virus.
  • To document the neurological manifestations, including cranial nerve involvement.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination of 72 patients diagnosed with meningo-encephalitis.

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  • Biochemical, microbiological, and virological analyses of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  • Serological testing for antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus.

    • Main Results:

    • Japanese encephalitis virus antibodies were detected in 50% of patients, indicating recent infection.
    • An additional 20% showed evidence of past JEV infection.
    • Cranial nerve involvement was observed in 70% of cases, with a particular predilection for the 8th cranial nerve. The 2nd, 3rd, and 6th nerves were affected in 2.5% of patients.
    • All affected patients belonged to a tribal population and reported consuming pork 7-10 days before symptom onset.

    Conclusions:

    • Pork consumption is a potential risk factor for Japanese encephalitis virus transmission in this tribal population.
    • Meningo-encephalitis in this cohort is strongly associated with JEV, presenting with significant cranial nerve deficits.
    • Public health interventions targeting dietary practices and JEV prevention are warranted in endemic tribal areas.