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The reovirus replicative cycle

S C Silverstein, J K Christman, G Acs

    Annual Review of Biochemistry
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Reoviruses, unlike most RNA viruses, store genetic information in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and replicate conservatively. This unique dsRNA replication protects the viral genome from cellular enzymes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Most single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses transiently form double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) replicative intermediates within host cells.
    • dsRNA formation occurs regardless of the genome's polarity relative to viral messenger RNA (mRNA).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To distinguish the replication strategies of dsRNA viruses, specifically reoviruses, from other RNA viruses.
    • To highlight the unique conservative replication mechanism of reoviruses and its implications for genome protection.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of viral replication intermediates.
    • Examination of genetic information transfer pathways in reoviruses.
    • Investigation of viral genome accessibility to cellular enzymes.

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    Main Results:

    • Reoviruses inherently contain dsRNA, unlike other RNA viruses that transiently form dsRNA.
    • Single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) serves as the intermediate for genetic transfer, while dsRNA stores the information.
    • Reoviruses replicate conservatively, a mode unique among viruses.

    Conclusions:

    • The conservative replication of dsRNA viruses like reoviruses ensures that cellular enzymes do not access the viral genome directly.
    • Reovirus genome protection is achieved by utilizing ssRNA precursors for replication while storing information in dsRNA repositories.