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Fluoride toothpastes, rinses, and tablets

K W Stephen1

  • 1Department of Adult Dental Care, University of Glasgow, Dental School, Scotland.

Advances in Dental Research
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Fluoride dentifrices and mouthrinses effectively prevent cavities, with sodium fluoride being a preferred agent. Fluoride supplements also significantly reduce tooth decay in both primary and permanent teeth.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Public Health
  • Fluoride Chemistry

Background:

  • Therapeutic benefits from dentifrices emerged in the mid-1950s with stannous fluoride, followed by monofluorophosphate.
  • Evolving abrasive systems and the introduction of sodium fluoride and monofluorophosphate/sodium fluoride mixtures enhanced anti-caries efficacy.
  • Recent meta-analyses indicate a hierarchy of effectiveness: sodium fluoride > monofluorophosphate/sodium fluoride > monofluorophosphate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development and efficacy of fluoride in dentifrices and mouthrinses for caries prevention.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different fluoride formulations and concentrations.
  • To assess the role of fluoride supplements in reducing dental caries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical data and meta-analyses on fluoride dentifrices and mouthrinses.
  • Analysis of dose-response relationships for fluoride levels.
  • Examination of studies on anticalculus fluoride dentifrices and root caries prevention.
  • Evaluation of various fluoride mouthrinse formulations and their application protocols.
  • Assessment of fluoride supplement efficacy in deciduous and permanent dentition.

Main Results:

  • Sodium fluoride is generally more effective than monofluorophosphate or monofluorophosphate/sodium fluoride mixtures in dentifrices.
  • Clear dose-response relationships exist for fluoride, though efficacy below 1000 ppm F is less certain.
  • Anticalculus fluoride dentifrices show comparable caries reduction to non-calculus-inhibiting controls.
  • Sodium fluoride is a preferred agent for caries-inhibiting mouthrinses; rinse frequency is more critical than concentration.
  • Combination rinses (e.g., sodium fluoride with chlorhexidine) may enhance caries inhibition.
  • Fluoride supplements demonstrate significant reductions in caries for both deciduous (14-93%) and permanent (20-81%) teeth.

Conclusions:

  • Fluoride dentifrices and mouthrinses are established methods for caries prevention, with sodium fluoride showing high efficacy.
  • Optimal use of fluoride, including appropriate concentrations and application methods, is crucial for maximizing anti-caries benefits.
  • Fluoride supplements remain a valuable tool for reducing dental caries across different age groups and dentitions.

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