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Seasonal patterns in eating disorder subgroups

V M Fornari1, D L Braun, S R Sunday

  • 1Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, North Shore University Hospital/Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, NY 11030.

Comprehensive Psychiatry
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Patients with eating disorders (ED) show seasonal patterns. Anorexia nervosa (AN) patients exhibit less seasonal variation in mood and appetite compared to those with bulimia nervosa (BN) or a history of both (AN/BN).

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and bulimia nervosa (BN) share similar seasonal mood and appetite patterns.
  • Seasonal variations in other eating disorder (ED) subgroups remain under-described.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and describe seasonal patterns in mood, weight, appetite, sleep, social activity, and energy levels across different eating disorder diagnoses.
  • To compare the degree of seasonal variation among patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), BN, a history of both (AN/BN), and ED not otherwise specified (ED-NOS).

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 154 consecutive outpatient ED program admissions was assessed.
  • The Seasonal Patterns Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) was used to measure global seasonality score (GSS) and specific symptom variations.

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Main Results:

  • Anorexia nervosa (AN) patients demonstrated significantly less overall seasonal variation compared to bulimic subgroups (BN and AN/BN) based on GSS.
  • AN patients showed reduced seasonal changes in mood, weight, and energy compared to BN patients.
  • AN patients exhibited less seasonal mood and appetite variation than AN/BN patients.

Conclusions:

  • Seasonal patterns are differentially expressed across eating disorder diagnoses.
  • Bulimic eating disorders, including BN and AN/BN, display more pronounced seasonal variations than anorexia nervosa (AN).
  • Further research into the specific mechanisms driving these seasonal differences in eating disorders is warranted.