Antiinflammatory drug-induced small intestinal permeability: the rat is a suitable model

Excretion of orally administrated 51Cr-EDTA as a marker of small intestinal permeability (a proposed prerequisite for human enteropathy) is increased by corticosteroids and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We have investigated the suitability of the rat as an animal model of small intestinal permeability using orally administered 51Cr-EDTA. We dosed Sprague-Dawley rats with NSAIDs and corticosterone followed by 51Cr-EDTA under conditions reported for humans and measured urinary excretion of the marker. In control rats, the urinary excretion of 51Cr-EDTA exhibited a skewed-to-the-left frequency distribution curve with a median of 2.13% of the dose. No sex-related differences were noticed in the baseline permeability. In male rats, single therapeutically equivalent doses of indomethacin, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, sulindac, nambumetone, and corticosterone, increased the intestinal permeability by different extents with indomethacin eliciting the maximum effect, and the last four drugs showing minimal potencies. Therapeutically relevant doses of aspirin did not have any significant effect. The increase in permeability was dependent upon the NSAIDs dose. Administration of glucose/citrate, misoprostol and sulfasalazine significantly reduced the effect of indomethacin. Misoprostol antagonized the effect of naproxen but H2-antagonists and sucralfate did not. All the above observations made in the rat were similar to those previously reported for humans. Thus the rat is a suitable model for studies of small intestinal permeability.