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The correspondence bias

D T Gilbert1, P S Malone

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin 78712.

Psychological Bulletin
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People often wrongly attribute behaviors to personality traits rather than situations, a bias known as correspondence bias. Understanding its mechanisms and perpetuating consequences is crucial in social psychology.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Bias Research

Background:

  • The correspondence bias is a fundamental phenomenon in social psychology.
  • Its underlying causes and broader consequences are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an intellectual history of the correspondence bias.
  • To describe mechanisms driving this bias.
  • To explore how its consequences perpetuate the bias.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and conceptual analysis.
  • Examination of historical development of the correspondence bias concept.
  • Identification and description of key psychological mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The article outlines four distinct mechanisms: lack of awareness, unrealistic expectations, inflated categorizations, and incomplete corrections.

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  • These mechanisms contribute to different forms of correspondence bias.
  • The consequences of biased inferences can reinforce the bias itself.

    • Conclusions:

    • Correspondence bias stems from specific cognitive and social mechanisms.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is key to addressing the bias.
    • The perpetuating nature of the bias highlights its persistent influence on social perception.