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Improved performance 4 hours after cocaine

R Stillman1, R T Jones, D Moore

  • 1Psychiatry Service, Livermore VA Medical Center, CA 94550.

Psychopharmacology
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that oral cocaine (2 mg/kg) in healthy volunteers increased heart rate and blood pressure but improved reaction time performance for 4 hours. Covert attention, however, was not enhanced by cocaine.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Cocaine is a stimulant with known physiological and subjective effects.
  • Understanding the duration and nature of cocaine's impact on cognitive functions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological, subjective, attentional, and performance effects of a 2 mg/kg oral dose of cocaine in healthy volunteers over 4 hours.
  • To assess cocaine's impact on reaction time and visual attention using Posner's paradigm.

Main Methods:

  • 13 healthy volunteers received an oral dose of cocaine (2 mg/kg).
  • Physiological measures (heart rate, blood pressure, pupil diameter, skin temperature) were recorded.
  • Subjective intoxication ratings, saliva cocaine levels, and performance on a visual attention task (Posner's reaction time paradigm) were assessed over 4 hours.

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Main Results:

  • Cocaine increased heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and pupil diameter, while decreasing skin temperature.
  • Physiological effects, intoxication ratings, and saliva cocaine levels peaked around 75 minutes and normalized within 3 hours.
  • Performance speed on the visual attention task improved for 4 hours, but covert attention did not show improvement compared to placebo; less fatigue was reported.

Conclusions:

  • Cocaine's stimulant effects, including performance enhancement and reduced fatigue, may persist longer than its subjective euphoric effects.
  • While overt performance speed improved, cocaine did not enhance covert attentional processes in this study.
  • The duration of cocaine's impact on cognitive functions warrants further investigation.