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Related Experiment Videos

Microbiologic tests in epidemiologic studies: are they reproducible?

A M Aass1, H R Preus, J J Zambon

  • 1Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, University of Oslo, Norway.

Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Comparing diagnostic methods for periodontal disease pathogens like Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans revealed low reproducibility. Indirect immunofluorescence and cultivation showed better reliability than commercial kits, highlighting detection levels

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Periodontology
  • Diagnostic Accuracy

Background:

  • Longitudinal studies investigating periodontal disease often include microbiologic assessments to understand Gram-negative bacteria's role.
  • Reliability of diagnostic methods is critical for accurate interpretation of associations between bacteria and periodontal disease development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the reproducibility of four distinct methods for detecting key periodontal pathogens: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia.
  • To evaluate the suitability of these methods for use in large-scale epidemiologic studies.

Main Methods:

  • Four detection methods were evaluated: cultivation, Evalusite (ELISA-based chair-side kit), OmniGene (DNA probe-based), and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF).

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  • Subgingival plaque samples were collected from periodontitis patients and healthy subjects, with testing repeated after one week by a single examiner.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall, the reproducibility of the four methods for detecting the target bacteria was found to be low.
    • Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and cultivation methods demonstrated slightly higher reproducibility compared to the commercial systems (Evalusite and OmniGene).
    • Modifying the Evalusite sampling technique (using three paper points) improved its reproducibility, suggesting detection limits impact reliability.

    Conclusions:

    • The evaluated diagnostic methods exhibit limited reproducibility, posing challenges for accurate epidemiologic studies of periodontal diseases.
    • Cultivation and IIF appear more reliable than commercial kits, though further optimization, particularly regarding detection levels, is warranted for commercial systems.