[Teaching and learning in medicine--or: how does one become a physician?]

Since the beginning of a formalized medical education in the high Middle Ages continue to be discussed in principle three hypothesis how an effective doctor should be trained: by organizing an ingenious program of studies, by canonizing the content of knowledge, or by taking in consideration the demand of public utility. All three viewpoints produced typical forms of communication within the teaching of medicine, without finding an ideal type until today.