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Related Experiment Videos

Neurologic changes in visceral leishmaniasis

F A Hashim1, A E Ahmed, M el Hassan

  • 1Leishmaniasis Research Group, National Research Council, Khartoun, Sudan.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|February 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Neurologic changes, including burning feet and hearing loss, affect nearly half of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients. Treatment of VL with anti-leishmanial drugs improved nerve function and hearing.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Neurologic manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are uncommon but can significantly impact patient health.
  • Understanding these neurological complications is crucial for comprehensive patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and nature of neurologic changes in patients with visceral leishmaniasis.
  • To explore the underlying pathology and the effects of anti-leishmanial treatment on neurological recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical assessment of 111 visceral leishmaniasis patients for neurologic symptoms and signs.
  • Nerve conduction studies, histopathology, and electron microscopy on nerve biopsies.
  • Audiographic studies to evaluate hearing loss.

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Main Results:

  • 46% of VL patients exhibited neurologic symptoms, most commonly burning feet, foot drop, and deafness.
  • Nerve conduction studies revealed axonal degeneration and demyelination without direct parasitic infection or neuritis.
  • Sensory symptoms resolved quickly with anti-leishmanial treatment, while motor recovery was slower; hearing improved with sodium stibogluconate.

Conclusions:

  • Neurologic complications are a significant, though rarely reported, feature of visceral leishmaniasis.
  • The nerve pathology appears to be secondary to the infection, possibly immune-mediated, rather than direct invasion.
  • Prompt anti-leishmanial treatment can lead to recovery of neurological function, particularly sensory symptoms and hearing.