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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Recent developments in piezoelectric immunosensors. A review

A A Suleiman¹, G G Guilbault

¹Department of Chemistry, Southern University at Baton Rouge, LA 70813.

|November 1, 1994

Summary

Piezoelectric (PZ) immunosensors offer advanced detection capabilities. This review covers PZ sensor design, antibody immobilization methods, and applications for detecting toxins and contaminants.

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Materials Science
Biotechnology

Background:

Piezoelectric (PZ) devices are increasingly utilized as sensitive immunosensors.
Advances in sensor design have broadened the application scope of PZ technology across various matrices.
The review focuses on the integration of PZ principles with immunoassay techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the development and applications of piezoelectric (PZ) devices as immunosensors.
To highlight recent advances in PZ sensor design and their impact on sensor performance.
To discuss methods for antibody immobilization and specific use cases of PZ immunosensors.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on piezoelectric immunosensor development.
Analysis of antibody immobilization techniques on piezoelectric crystals.

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Examination of applications in microgravimetric immunoassays and contaminant detection.

Main Results:

Piezoelectric immunosensors demonstrate significant potential for sensitive and selective analyte detection.
Various antibody immobilization strategies enhance sensor stability and performance.
Successful applications include the detection of microbial toxins and other environmental contaminants.

Conclusions:

Piezoelectric immunosensors represent a promising platform for diverse analytical challenges.
Continued advancements in PZ sensor technology will likely expand their utility in biological and environmental monitoring.
Effective antibody immobilization is crucial for optimizing the performance of PZ-based immunosensing systems.