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The structure of obsessive-compulsive symptoms

P Van Oppen1, R J Hoekstra, P M Emmelkamp

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Psychiatric Centre, Free University, The Netherlands.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

The Padua Inventory (PI) identifies five core obsessive-compulsive symptom factors: impulses, washing, checking, rumination, and precision. This revised 41-item questionnaire effectively measures these symptom structures in clinical and non-clinical populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) presents with a complex structure of symptoms.
  • The Padua Inventory (PI) is a tool used to assess these symptoms.
  • Understanding the underlying structure of OCD symptoms is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural organization of obsessive-compulsive symptoms using the Padua Inventory (PI).
  • To identify and validate distinct symptom factors within OCD.
  • To assess the reliability and validity of a revised 41-item Padua Inventory (PI-Revised).

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous Components Analysis was employed.
  • Data were collected from individuals with OCD (n=206), other anxiety disorders (n=222), and a non-clinical sample (n=430).

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  • A 41-item version of the Padua Inventory was developed and analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • A robust five-factor solution emerged: impulses, washing, checking, rumination, and precision.
    • The revised 41-item PI demonstrated satisfactory to excellent reliability for its subscales.
    • Four subscales (washing, checking, rumination, precision) effectively differentiated OCD patients from those with panic disorder, social phobics, and healthy controls.

    Conclusions:

    • The Padua Inventory-Revised (41-items) accurately measures the structural components of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.
    • The identified factors represent key clinical manifestations of OCD, excluding obsessional slowness.
    • The PI-Revised shows promise as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing OCD symptom structure.