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A direct membrane filter method for enumerating somatic coliphages in drinking water

M C Alonso1, J M Sánchez, M A Moriñigo

  • 1Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga.

Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
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This study evaluated a simple membrane filtration technique for detecting somatic bacteriophages of Escherichia coli in drinking water. The method, enhanced with Tween 80, offers rapid and efficient coliphage analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Water quality analysis
  • Virology

Background:

  • Somatic bacteriophages of Escherichia coli are indicators of fecal contamination in water.
  • Accurate enumeration of these phages is crucial for assessing drinking water safety.
  • Existing methods for phage detection can be time-consuming or require complex sample pretreatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess a simple membrane filtration method for enumerating somatic coliphages in drinking water.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of different filter types and sample treatments.
  • To establish a rapid and reliable method for phage detection in water.

Main Methods:

  • A simple membrane filtration technique was employed using Escherichia coli C as the host strain.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cellulosic membrane filters were tested, with and without sample pretreatment (magnesium ions, Tween 80).
  • Electropositive filters (HA-PEI, HA-Nalco, Virosorb-1MDS) were evaluated to avoid magnesium salt pretreatment.

    • Main Results:

    • The method using cellulosic filters with pretreatment showed recovery rates from 68.9% to over 112%.
    • Electropositive filters exhibited variable recovery rates (31.4–96.2% for ester-type, <2.2% for Virosorb).
    • Incorporating Tween 80 as an eluent consistently improved somatic coliphage recovery across all tested filters.

    Conclusions:

    • The simple membrane filtration technique, particularly with Tween 80, provides a rapid (6–8 h) and effective means for analyzing somatic coliphages in drinking water.
    • Electropositive filters showed limitations in phage recovery compared to traditional methods.
    • This methodology enhances the ability to monitor water quality through efficient phage detection.