[Enzymatic activity of the nuclear matrix]

The scope of the review is to illustrate the great diversity of enzymatic activities bound to the nuclear matrix. These data are usually summarized in terms of replication, transcription, DNA repair, etc. Such an approach is understandable; however, the great diversity of enzymes is thereby obscured. The review presents the data on enzymatic activities according to the International Enzyme Classification (EC) with the main emphasis on the enzymological aspects of the phenomena described. The enzymes represent almost all classes of enzymes discovered in the nuclear matrix: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, isomerases and ligases. The presence of ligases is supposed. Nuclear matrix enzymes form functional systems which provide the replication, transcription and regulation of gene expression, DNA repair, transduction of signals by the secondary messengers, antiviral defence, maintenance and modification of the nuclear matrix structure and recombination.