Characterization of gold-palladium-silver and palladium-silver for ceramic-metal restorations

Properties, compositions, microstructures, and heat-treatment characteristics of three high-fusing white ceramic-metal alloys were studied. The materials displayed different compositions and as-cast microstructures, but similar tensile properties and heat-treatment responses. Hardness of cast specimens subjected to the porcelain firing cycle was increased by an additional 20 minute heat treatment at 1,300 degrees F.