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Related Experiment Videos

Shigellosis from swimming

M L Rosenberg, K K Hazlet, J Schaefer

    JAMA
    |October 18, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Swimming in the Mississippi River in Dubuque, Iowa, was strongly linked to Shigella sonnei infections in 1974. High fecal coliform counts in the water indicate a significant public health risk from recreational water exposure.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental microbiology
    • Public health
    • Infectious disease epidemiology

    Background:

    • Shigella sonnei infections can cause significant diarrheal illness.
    • Recreational water exposure is a potential route for pathogen transmission.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the source of a Shigella sonnei outbreak in Dubuque, Iowa.
    • To determine the association between swimming in the Mississippi River and Shigella sonnei infection.

    Main Methods:

    • Case-control study comparing infected families with neighborhood controls.
    • Retrospective survey of families camping near the river.
    • Microbiological analysis of river water samples and patient isolates.

    Main Results:

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    • 31 of 45 Shigella sonnei cases were linked to swimming in the Mississippi River.
    • Significant correlation found between swimming and illness (P < .0001).
    • Water samples showed extremely high fecal coliform counts (17,500/100 ml) and S. sonnei isolates matching patient strains.

    Conclusions:

    • Swimming in the contaminated Mississippi River was the primary cause of the Shigella sonnei outbreak.
    • Recreational water quality standards were vastly exceeded, posing a substantial health risk.
    • Prompt identification and intervention, such as swimming bans, are crucial for controlling waterborne disease outbreaks.