Synchronous changes of psychophysiological responses and tone pressure: effect of musical training

This study was designed to examine the relationship between psychophysiological responses and tone pressure during music. The main findings were as follows: (1) Mean increments of heart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR) did not correlate with mean increments of tone pressure. (2) Musical individuals showed consistent changes between HR and tone pressure. (3) Non-musical person showed a high correlation between changes of HR and tone pressure in only a rhythmic and dynamic musical piece. These results showed that trained musicians respond differently from individuals having no musical training.