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Related Experiment Videos

Weight variability effects: a prospective analysis from the Stanford Five-City Project

C B Taylor1, D E Jatulis, S P Fortmann

  • 1Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5542.

American Journal of Epidemiology
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Weight variability had minimal impact on cardiovascular risk factors. Changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) over time, not its fluctuation, were the primary determinant of cardiovascular risk. Baseline BMI also played a significant role.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • Understanding modifiable risk factors is crucial for prevention strategies.
  • The impact of weight fluctuation versus weight change on cardiovascular health requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) variability and BMI change over time on cardiovascular risk factors.
  • To differentiate the influence of BMI fluctuation (variability) from sustained BMI change (slope) on health outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study followed 630 adults (269 men, 361 women) aged 25-74 for up to 10 years.
  • Measured cardiovascular risk factors included blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and pulse.

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  • Quantified BMI variability using root mean square error (BMI-RMSE) and BMI change using regression slope (BMI-slope).

    • Main Results:

    • Cardiovascular risk factor changes were primarily associated with baseline risk factor values and BMI-slope.
    • Neither BMI-RMSE nor its interaction with BMI-slope showed a significant relationship with the slopes of cardiovascular risk factors.
    • Weight variability (BMI-RMSE) demonstrated minimal impact compared to BMI-slope and baseline BMI.

    Conclusions:

    • In this community sample, the rate of change in BMI (BMI-slope) and baseline BMI were more influential on cardiovascular risk factors than BMI variability.
    • These findings suggest that sustained weight change may be a more critical factor for cardiovascular health than weight fluctuation.