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Related Experiment Videos

Breed differences and genetic parameters for body composition traits in beef cattle

D M Marshall1

  • 1Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007.

Journal of Animal Science
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Genetic selection for beef cattle carcass traits shows potential, but antagonisms between traits like marbling and tenderness may require complementary breeding systems. Breed differences, particularly Bos indicus vs. Bos taurus, impact meat quality.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Genetics
  • Meat Science

Background:

  • Breed differences and genetic parameters for carcass traits in beef cattle are crucial for improving meat quality and production efficiency.
  • Understanding genetic variation within and between breeds is essential for effective breeding programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize breed differences and genetic parameters for carcass traits in beef cattle.
  • To evaluate the potential for genetic selection and crossbreeding to improve carcass characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific studies on beef cattle carcass traits.
  • Analysis of heritability estimates, genetic antagonisms, and heterosis effects.
  • Comparison of breed rankings for various carcass traits, including tenderness and marbling.

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Main Results:

  • Heritability estimates for carcass traits are generally moderate to large, indicating good potential for selection.
  • Genetic antagonisms exist between some traits, potentially slowing multi-trait selection effectiveness.
  • Bos indicus breeds tend to have reduced meat tenderness compared to Bos taurus breeds.
  • Crossbreeding benefits for carcass composition are more likely due to genetic complementarity than heterosis.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic selection offers potential for improving individual carcass traits, but careful consideration of trait antagonisms is needed.
  • Terminal breeding systems utilizing complementary sire and dam genetic types may be effective.
  • Breed differences, especially concerning meat tenderness in Bos indicus cattle, present challenges for value-based marketing.
  • Future genetic concerns include marbling-cutability antagonism, tenderness inconsistency, leanness effects on reproduction, and terminal system utility.