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Halophage HF2: genome organization and replication strategy

S D Nuttall1, M L Dyall-Smith

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.

Journal of Virology
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Halophage HF2, a virus infecting Archaea, replicates using a concatamer strategy similar to bacterial phages. This suggests ancient evolutionary origins or gene transfer between archaeal and bacterial domains.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Archaea Biology

Background:

  • Halophage HF2 is a lytic, broad-host-range bacteriophage infecting extremely halophilic Archaea.
  • Its double-stranded DNA genome is 79.7-kb, linear, lacks modified nucleotides, and is resistant to many type II restriction enzymes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the genome of Halophage HF2.
  • To investigate its replication strategy and evolutionary implications.

Main Methods:

  • Genome mapping using restriction enzymes (DraI, AseI, HpaI, HindIII, SspI).
  • Southern hybridization to analyze fragment homology.
  • DNA sequencing to identify terminal repeats.
  • Analysis of phage genome state in infected cells.

Main Results:

  • A physical map of the HF2 genome was constructed.
  • HF2 possesses 306-bp direct terminal repeats, suggesting concatameric replication intermediates.
  • Replication strategy shows similarities to bacterial phages T3 and T7.
  • Identified homologies between phage termini and potential nick sites.

Conclusions:

  • Halophage HF2 utilizes a concatamer-based replication strategy, common in bacterial phages.
  • This strategy may indicate ancient evolutionary origins of phage replication or lateral gene transfer between Archaea and Bacteria.

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