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Hypercoagulation in diabetes mellitus
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Andalas General Hospital Dr M Jamil Padang, Indonesia.
Insights
Diabetic patients exhibit increased blood clotting (hypercoagulable state), indicated by higher fibrinogen and shorter prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). This is more pronounced with longer diabetes duration and complications.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Medicine
- Hematology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Diabetic vascular disease pathogenesis is not fully understood.
- Hemorrhage and hypercoagulable states are implicated in vascular complications.
- Assessing blood coagulation's role in diabetes is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate hypercoagulation in diabetic patients.
- To determine the relationship between hypercoagulation and diabetes duration, lifestyle factors, and complications.
- To evaluate the impact of treatment on coagulation in diabetes.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 60 diabetic patients.
- Data collected from out- and in-patient clinics.
- Evaluated fibrinogen levels, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT).
Main Results:
- Diabetic patients showed significantly higher fibrinogen levels compared to controls.
- Diabetic patients had significantly shorter PT and APTT compared to controls.
- Hypercoagulation was more pronounced in patients with longer disease duration and chronic complications.
Conclusions:
- Diabetic patients exhibit a hypercoagulable state.
- This hypercoagulability is associated with disease duration and the presence of chronic complications.
- Blood coagulation disturbances are a significant factor in diabetic vascular disease.
Abstract:
The pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease is not completely known. Many authors have suggested that hemorheological disturbance is an important factor in the development of vascular complication. The hypercoagulable state also suggested to cause this complication. In order to assess the role of blood coagulation in diabetic patients, we investigated hypercoagulation in diabetic patients and its relation with duration of the disease, smoking habits, blood pressure, blood glucose, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic ulcers and patient treatment. A case control study was done to evaluate these factors in 60 diabetic patients in out-and in-patient clinics of the Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Dr M Jamil Padang, during December 1990-March 1991. The average age was 51.55 years, average duration of the disease 5, 8 years. Fibrinogen levels is higher in diabetic patient (mean +/- SD = 442.42 +/- 86.79 mg/dl), compared to normal person (mean +/- SD = 349.2 +/- 35.26 mg/dl), PT is shorter (mean +/- SD = 10.1 +/- 1.31 sec), compared to normal person (mean +/- SD = 11.04 +/- 0.93 sec), APTT is also shorter (mean +/- SD = 29.2 +/- 3.69 sec), compared to normal person (mean +/- SD = 32.16 +/- 3.77 sec). There was a significantly high fibrinogen and short PT and APTT in diabetic patients, especially those who suffered from diabetes for a long time and followed by chronic complications.