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Hepatitis C among blood donors in Jakarta
1Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta.
Insights
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes non-A non-B hepatitis (NANBH), often via blood transfusions. This study found a 1.6% HCV antibody prevalence in Indonesian blood donors, indicating transmission risks.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Virology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a primary cause of non-A non-B hepatitis (NANBH), predominantly transmitted through blood transfusions.
- NANBH accounts for 90-95% of post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH) in Western countries.
- HCV antibody detection is crucial for identifying transmission following the identification of its viral protein.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of HCV antibodies in Indonesian blood donors.
- To assess the risk of HCV transmission through blood components in Indonesia.
Main Methods:
- The study utilized the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method (Ortho) for antibody detection.
- A total of 193 blood donors were screened for the presence of HCV antibodies.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of HCV antibodies among the screened blood donors was found to be 1.6% (3 out of 193).
- This finding suggests a significant presence of HCV in the Indonesian blood donor population.
Conclusions:
- HCV infection is a concern in Indonesian blood donors, highlighting the need for effective screening.
- Implementing robust HCV screening protocols is essential to prevent transfusion-transmitted HCV infections in Indonesia.
Abstract:
One type of non-A non-B hepatitis (NANBH) is caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV), and is mostly transmitted through blood transfusion or its components. The prevalence of NANBH among post transfusion hepatitis (PTH) in Western countries is around 90-95%. After Chiron had identified the viral protein which caused parenteral NANBH or HCV, it became possible to detect the antibody for HCV as a sign of its transmission. In Indonesia, the usage of blood and its components gradually increased every year. Since 1985, all blood components from the Indonesian Red Cross were screened against hepatitis B virus (HBV), and it was found that most of the post-transfusion hepatitis were caused by HCV. In this study, the prevalence of the HCV antibody in blood donors was 3 out of 193 (1.6%) using the ELISA method (Ortho).