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Related Experiment Videos

Sacral root stimulation for controlled defecation

A Shafik1

  • 1Department of Surgery and Research, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.

European Surgical Research. Europaische Chirurgische Forschung. Recherches Chirurgicales Europeennes
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Neurostimulation of sacral nerves in dogs demonstrated potential for controlled defecation. Selective stimulation of autonomic branches induced rectal pressure increase and balloon expulsion, offering insights into defecation control mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology
  • Animal Physiology

Background:

  • Defecation involves complex neural control of rectal and anal sphincter functions.
  • Understanding sacral nerve stimulation's role is crucial for developing therapies for fecal incontinence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of selective sacral nerve root stimulation on rectal and anal sphincter activity in dogs.
  • To determine the specific roles of S2 nerve root and its branches in controlling defecation.

Main Methods:

  • 10 dogs underwent anesthesia for selective rectal or sphincter neurostimulation.
  • Rectal pressures, balloon expulsion, and external anal sphincter (EAS) electromyography (EMG) were measured.
  • Bipolar platinum cuff electrodes were used to stimulate the S2 ventral nerve root and its autonomic and somatic branches.

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Main Results:

  • S2 stimulation elevated rectal and rectal neck pressures and increased EAS EMG activity, but did not cause balloon expulsion.
  • Autonomic branch stimulation increased rectal pressure and induced balloon expulsion.
  • Somatic branch stimulation increased rectal neck pressure and EAS EMG activity without balloon expulsion.
  • S2 stimulation with somatic branch transection resulted in rectal pressure elevation and balloon expulsion.

Conclusions:

  • Selective sacral root electrostimulation can induce rectal evacuation and sphincteric control.
  • S2 stimulation with somatic branch transection facilitates rectal evacuation.
  • Pudendal branch stimulation is effective for achieving sphincteric control.