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Lymphocytic adenohypophysitis: contrast-enhanced MR imaging in five cases
J Ahmadi1, G S Meyers, H D Segall
1Department of Radiology, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center 90033.
Radiology
|April 1, 1995
Summary
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings suggest adenohypophysitis, an inflammatory condition of the pituitary gland. However, these MR imaging features are not specific and may overlap with pituitary adenomas, necessitating biopsy if steroid therapy fails.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Neuroradiology
- Pathology
Background:
- Adenohypophysitis is a rare inflammatory condition affecting the anterior pituitary gland.
- Clinical presentations can include headaches, pituitary insufficiency, and hyperprolactinemia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging observations associated with adenohypophysitis.
- To compare MR imaging findings in adenohypophysitis with those of pituitary adenomas.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of clinical, MR imaging, surgical, and histologic data from five patients with adenohypophysitis.
- Comparison with MR imaging, surgical, and pathologic findings in 128 patients with pituitary adenomas.
Main Results:
- Common MR imaging findings included intensely enhancing pituitary masses, infundibular enhancement, and adjacent dural enhancement.
- Extrapituitary involvement was observed in four patients.
- Some findings overlapped with complicated pituitary adenomas (infarction, hemorrhage, necrosis).
Conclusions:
- Clinical and MR imaging findings are suggestive of adenohypophysitis.
- MR imaging findings are not specific and can mimic complicated pituitary adenomas or other pituitary inflammation.
- Biopsy may be required for definitive diagnosis if steroid therapy is unsuccessful.
