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[Lung disorders due to metals]

M Rüegger1

  • 1Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt Luzern.

Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
|March 11, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inhaled metal dusts and compounds rarely cause respiratory diseases, with metal fume fever from zinc oxide being common. Some metals like chromium, nickel, platinum, and cobalt can cause asthma and interstitial lung disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Context:

  • Metals are abundant elements, yet seldom cause respiratory illnesses.
  • This review focuses on respiratory diseases from inhaled metal dusts and inorganic compounds, excluding silicosis, silicatosis, and iatrogenic conditions.
  • Metal fume fever, caused by zinc oxide, is the most frequent toxic inflammatory disease.

Purpose:

  • To review significant respiratory diseases caused by inhaled metal dusts and inorganic compounds.
  • To highlight common conditions like metal fume fever and less common but severe toxic pneumonias.
  • To discuss the potential for chronic airflow limitation and asthma induced by occupational metal exposure.

Summary:

  • Metal fume fever, an influenza-like illness from zinc oxide, is common, particularly from welding zinc-coated metals.

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  • Toxic pneumonia from metal fumes is rare but can be severe, as seen with zinc chloride exposure.
  • Occupational exposure to chromium, nickel, platinum, and cobalt (hardmetal) can induce asthma and, in the case of hardmetal, interstitial lung disease and fibrosis.

    • Impact:

    • Identifies key metals and compounds posing respiratory risks in occupational settings.
    • Emphasizes the importance of occupational hygiene in preventing chronic airflow limitation.
    • Provides insights into the mechanisms and prevalence of metal-induced asthma and interstitial lung diseases, informing preventative strategies.